Albert Barnes on Luke 12:48

Few stripes. The Jews never inflicted more than forty stripes for one offence, De 25:3. For smaller offences they inflicted only four, five, six, &c., according to the nature of the crime. In allusion to this, our Lord says that he that knew not -- that is, he who had comparatively little knowledge--would suffer a punishment proportionally light. He refers, doubtless, to those who have fewer opportunities, smaller gifts, or fewer teachers.

Much is given. They who have much committed to their disposal, as stewards, &c. See the parable of the talents in Mt 25:14-30. Mt 25:14, also Mt 25:15-30.

(r) "he that knew not" Acts 17:30 (s) "For unto whomsoever" Lev 5:17, Jn 15:22, 1Timm 1:13 (t) "committed much" 1Timm 6:20