Jamieson, Fausset and Brown on Jeremiah 15:17

17. My "rejoicing" (Jr 15:16) was not that of the profane mockers (Psa 1:1; 26:4, 5) at feasts. So far from having fellowship with these, he was expelled from society, and made to sit "alone," because of his faithful prophecies.

because of thy hand--that is, Thine inspiration (Is 8:11; Eze 1:3; 3:14).

filled me with indignation--So Jr 6:11, "full of the fury of the Lord"; so full was he of the subject (God's "indignation" against the ungodly) with which God had inspired him, as not to be able to contain himself from expressing it. The same comparison by contrast between the effect of inspiration, and that of wine, both taking a man out of himself, occurs (Ac 2:13, 15, 18).