Jamieson, Fausset and Brown on Proverbs 31

CHAPTER 31

Pr 31:1-31.

1. On the title of this, the sixth part of the book, see Introduction.

prophecy--(See on Pr 30:1).

2. What, my son?--that is, What shall I say? Repetitions denote earnestness.

son of my womb--as our phrase, "my own son," a term of special affection.

son of my vows--as one dedicated to God; so the word "Lemuel" may mean.

3-9. Succinct but solemn warnings against vices to which kings are peculiarly tempted, as carnal pleasures and oppressive and unrighteous government are used to sustain sensual indulgence.

strength--mental and bodily resources for health and comfort.

thy ways--or course of life.

to that ... kings--literally, "to the destroying of kings," avoid destructive pleasures (compare Pr 5:9; 7:22, 27; Ho 4:11).

10-31. This exquisite picture of a truly lovely wife is conceived and drawn in accordance with the customs of Eastern nations, but its moral teachings suit all climes. In Hebrew the verses begin with the letters of the Hebrew alphabet in order (compare Introduction to Poetical Books).

Who ... woman--The question implies that such are rare, though not entirely wanting (compare Pr 18:22; 19:14).

virtuous--literally, "of strength," that is, moral courage (compare Pr 12:4; Ru 3:11).

her price, &c.--(compare Pr 3:15).