Jamieson, Fausset and Brown on Psalms 74

PSALM 74

Psa 74:1-23. If the historical allusions of Psa 74:6-8, &c., be referred, as is probable, to the period of the captivity, the author was probably a descendant and namesake of Asaph, David's contemporary and singer (compare 2Ch 35:15; Ezr 2:41). He complains of God's desertion of His Church, and appeals for aid, encouraging himself by recounting some of God's mighty deeds, and urges his prayer on the ground of God's covenant relation to His people, and the wickedness of His and their common enemy.

1. cast ... off--with abhorrence (compare Psa 43:2; 44:9). There is no disavowal of guilt implied. The figure of fire to denote God's anger is often used; and here, and in De 29:20, by the word "smoke," suggests its continuance.

sheep ... pasture--(Compare Psa 80:1; 95:7).

2. The terms to denote God's relation to His people increase in force: "congregation"--"purchased"--"redeemed"--"Zion," His dwelling.

3. Lift ... feet--(Ge 29:1)--that is, Come (to behold) the desolations (Psa 73:19).

4. roar--with bestial fury.

congregations--literally, "worshipping assemblies."

ensigns--literally, "signs"--substituted their idolatrous objects, or tokens of authority, for those articles of the temple which denoted God's presence.

5-6. Though some terms and clauses here are very obscure, the general sense is that the spoilers destroyed the beauties of the temple with the violence of woodmen.

was famous--literally, "was known."

7. defiled--or, "profaned," as in Psa 89:39.

8. together--at once, all alike.

synagogues--literally, "assemblies," for places of assembly, whether such as schools of the prophets (2Ki 4:23), or "synagogues" in the usual sense, there is much doubt.

9. signs--of God's presence, as altar, ark, &c. (compare Psa 74:4; 2Ch 36:18, 19; Da 5:2).

no more any prophet--(Is 3:2; Jr 40:1; 43:6).

how long--this is to last. Jeremiah's prophecy (Jr 25:11), if published, may not have been generally known or understood. To the bulk of the people, during the captivity, the occasional and local prophetical services of Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and Daniel would not make an exception to the clause, "there is no more any prophet."

10. (Compare Psa 31:1).

how long ... reproach?--us, as deserted of God.

blaspheme thy name--or, "perfections," as power, goodness, &c. (Psa 29:2).

11. Why cease to help us? (Compare Psa 3:7; 7:6; 60:5).

12. For--literally, "And," in an adversative sense.

13-15. Examples of the "salvation wrought" are cited.

divide the sea--that is, Red Sea.

brakest ... waters--Pharaoh and his host (compare Is 51:9, 10; Eze 29:3, 4).

16-17. The fixed orders of nature and bounds of earth are of God.

18. (Compare Psa 74:10; De 32:6). The contrast is striking--that such a God should be thus insulted!

19. multitude--literally, "beast," their flock or company of men (Psa 68:10).

turtledove--that is, the meek and lonely Church.

congregation--literally, "the company," as above--thus the Church is represented as the spoiled and defeated remnant of an army, exposed to violence.

20. And the prevalence of injustice in heathen lands is a reason for invoking God's regard to His promise (compare Nu 14:21; Psa 7:16; 18:48).

21. oppressed--broken (Psa 9:9).

return--from seeking God.

ashamed--(Psa 35:4).

22-23. (Compare Psa 3:7; 7:6). God hears the wicked to their own ruin (Ge 4:10; 18:20).