Matthew Poole and continuators on 1 Samuel 23:23

23 See therefore, and take knowledge of all the lurking places where he hideth himself, and come ye again to me with the certainty, and I will go with you: and it shall come to pass, if he be in the land, that I will search him out throughout all the thousands of Judah .

i. e. Through all the parts of that Tribe. Every Tribe was divided into Thousands, as Countries are now with us into Hundreds. See Iudg. 6. 15. Or, with all the Thousands of Judah, i. e. I will raise against him all the Forces of that Tribe in which he trusteth and hideth himself. This he saith to animate them to the more vigorous Prosecution of him.