Matthew Poole and continuators on 1 Samuel 28:14

14 And he said unto her, What form is he of? And she said, An old man cometh up, and he is covered with a mantle . And Saul perceived that it was Samuel , and he stooped with his face to the ground, and bowed himself.

The usual Habit of Prophets, 2 King. 2. 8, 13. Zech. 13. 4. and particularly of Samuel, 1 Sam. 15. 27.

The Woman pretended, and Saul upon her Suggestion believed that it was Samuel indeed; And so many Popish, and some other Writers conceived. But that it was not Samuel, but the Devil representing Samuel, is sufficiently evident. For, First, It is most incredible, that God, who had just now refused to answer Saul by the means which himself appointed, and used in that case, would answer him, or suffer Samuel to answer him in that way, and upon the use of those means which God detested and contemned: which would have given great countenance and encouragement to Saul, and the Witch, and all Professors and Consulters of those Devillish Arts. Secondly, There are divers passages in this Relation which plainly discover that this was no good, but an evil Spirit: as first, That he receives that Worship from Saul, v. 14. which good Spirits would not suffer, Revel. 19. 10. and 22. 8, 9. Secondly, That amongst his other sins for which he condemneth him, he omitteth this of asking Counsel of one that had a familiar Spirit, to enquire of it; for which transgression, with others, he is expresly said to have died, 1 Chron. 10. 13. which the true Samuel, who was so Zealous for Gods Honour, and so Faithful a Reprover, would never have neglected, especially now, when he takes Saul in the very Fact. Thirdly, That he pretends himself to be disquieted and brought up, v. 15. by Saul's Instigation, and the Witches Art; which is most false, and impious, and absurd to imagine, concerning those Bles[illegible: 1+ letters]ed Souls who are returned to their God, Eccles. 12. 7. and entred into peace and rest, Isa. 57. 2. and lodged in Abraham's bosom, Luk. 16. 22. and rest from their labours, Revel. 14. 13. The onely Argument of any colour to the contrary, is onely this, That the Devil could not so particularly and punctually discover Saul's future Events, as this Samuel doth, v. 19. But this also hath little weight in it; it being confessed and notoriously known, that evil Spirits both in the Oracles of the Heathen, and otherwise, have oft-times foretold future contingencies; God being pleased to Reveal such things to them, and to permit them to be the Instruments of Revealing them to Men, for the trial of some, and for the terror and punishment of others. Besides, the Devil might foresee this by strong conjectures, as by the numerousness, strength, courage and resoluteness of the Philistine Host, and the quite contrary condition of the Israelites, and by divers other symptoms far above the reach of Mortal men, but such as he by his great Sagacity could easily discern. And for that express determination of the time, to morrow, v. 19. that word may be understood not of the very next day, but indefinitely of some short time after this, as it is taken, Exod. 13. 14. Deut. 6. 20. Ios. 4. 6, 21. And then it was easie to gather from the present posture of the two Armies, that the Fight and the Ruin of the Israelites was very near. And that it was not the very next day, but some days after this, is evident from the course of the Story, and hath been proved by a late Learned Writer. See my Latin Synopsis on this place.

Marginal references: Heb. what is his form?