Matthew Poole and continuators on Hebrews 6:4

4 For it is impossible for those who were once enlightned , and have tasted of the heavenly gift , and were made partakers of the Holy Ghost .

The foregoing Counsel the Spirit enforceth on these Hebrews, from the danger of Apostacy, to which the neglect of it doth dispose them, and the terrifying consequents of it from ver. 4, to 9. We must go on to Perfection, unless we will draw back to Perdition; so that he bespeaks them, You have been sluggish and dull, and going backward already; lest you grow worse, stir up your selves; if you neglect it you are in danger of utter falling away: for it is impossible, not in respect of God's Absolute and Almighty Power, but in respect of any Created Power in others or themselves, justly, and by right,, it is impossible, because contrary to God's declared Will and Resolution in his Church, by which his Power is limited, so as he will never do it, nor suffer it to be done; in this he will not, cannot deny himself, ver. 18. and chap. 11.6. compare Matth. 7.18. and 19.24, 26. 2 Tim. 2.13. [non-Latin text not transcribed], several Interpreters render the Baptised who were illuminated with the Beams of Divine Light, others, the Penitent, such who had been initiated into Repentance, as v. 1. and think the term once may be limited to Baptisms, whereas it refers to all the other particulars. These are such who are instructed in the Principles of the Christian Religion, and brought out of the Darkness and ignorance of Iudaism and Heathenism, so that they were other Persons for the knowledg of Gospel-Truths than before; they see with a new Light spiritual things, and have the Mind raised up to such objects as they knew not before, but they have no new Eyes or Understandings given them, and so are but as Devils like Angels of Light, whereas the Light of a real Christian is the Light of Life, Iohn 8.12. see 2 Tim. 1.10. and 2 Pet. 1.19. such some Hebrews profest themselves to be, Rom. 2.17, 18, 19. And as Balaam was, Numb. 24.2, 3.

An act of Sense in the Body, put metaphorically for an act of the Mind. Tasting in the Soul, is an apprehension and reception by it, and but meerly such, and no more. A Taste, and not a Digestion of Christ and his Benefits as revealed to them in the Gospel, Iohn 4.39, 40. followed with the superficial relishes of their Joy and Peace on their temporary believing in them, as it was with the Stony-Ground, Matth. 13.20. A Sinner enlightned so as to see Christ and the glorious Promises made to Believers in him; it being agreeable to his natural Principles, and being not much humbled, runs away with them with Joy, having good Desires and Affections, but a Stony-Heart still, such was Herod, Mark 6.20.

Not by an inhabitation of his Person in them, but by his Operations in them, whereby he is trying how far a natural Man may be raised, and not have his Nature changed: as is evident in a Socrates, who Died for owning the Unity of the Deity; and as the Scribe, near the Kingdom of Heaven, Mark 12.34. He is proving by his Gifts to them, how much supernatural good, and workings towards Salvation they are capable of, without the putting forth of the exceeding greatness of his Power to make them New Creatures, as Gen. 6.3. compare 1 Cor. 1.21. and 1 Pet. 3.18, 19, 20. These did partake of from the Holy Ghost, the Light of Nature, of the Law, of the Gospel, with some Spiritual Power accompanying all these; which as they are trials of lapsed Nature, so are lessening many Punishments by keeping Men off from many Sins, as 2 Pet. 2.20. These Professors had escaped the gross and outward Pollutions and Defilements that many were drenched with in their Lives, but have Lusts abiding unmortified, from whence these would arise in them still; but here is no Pure Heart or Divine Nature wrought in them, and the Lusting Principle is unmortified still; this God accepts according to its kind, compare Mark 10.21, 22.

Marginal references: Mat. 12.31, 32. Chap. 10.26. 1 John 5.16.; John 4.10.