Matthew Poole and continuators on Ruth 2

2 And Ruth the Moabitess said unto Naomi, Let me now go to the field and glean ears of corn after him, in whose sight I shall find grace ▪ And she said unto her, Go, my daughter.

Which was permitted to the Poor, and the Stranger, Deut. 24. 19. both which she was; nor was she ashamed to confess her Poverty, nor would she eat the bread of idleness: whereby she sheweth her self to be a prudent, and diligent, and vertuous woman, as she is called, Ruth 3. 11.

For though it was their duty to permit this, Levit. 19. 9. and 23. 22. yet either she was ignorant thereof, or thought, that being a Stranger, it might be grudged, or denied to her; or, at least, that it became her modestly and humbly to acknowledge their kindness herein.

3 And she went, and came, and gleaned in the field after the reapers: and her hap was to light on a part of the field belonging unto Boaz, who was of the kindred of Elimelech.

For it was indeed a chance in reference to Second Causes, but ordered and designed by Gods Providence.

Marginal references: Heb. hap ha[illegible: 1+ letters]pened.; Called Mat. 1. 5. Booz.

4 ¶ And behold, Boaz came from Bethlehem, and said unto the reapers, The LORD be with you▪ and they answered him, The LORD bless thee ▪

They expressed and professed their Piety, even in their civil Conversation, and worldly Transactions; which now so many are ashamed of, and call it Hypocrisie or vain Ostentation thus to do.

6 And the servant that was set over the reapers answered and said, It is the Moabitish damsel, that came back with Naomi out of the countrey of Moab.

i. e. That came with Naomi when she came back: for otherwise, as Ruth did not go from thence, so she could not properly be said to come back.

7 And she said, I pray you, let me glean , and gather after the reapers amongst the sheaves: so she came and h[illegible: 1+ letters]h continued even from the morning until now , that she tarried a little in the house .

She did not boldly intrude her self, but modestly ask leave of us.

She is not retired through idleness, for she hath been diligent and constant in her labours.

Not in Naomi's house, as many understand it, as may be gathered from v. 18, 19. but in the little House or Tent, which was set up in the Fields at these times, and was necessary in those hot Countries, where the Labourers or others might retire for a little repose or repast at fit times. Being weary with her continued labours, she comes hither to take a little rest.

Marginal references: Or, handfuls.

8 Then said Boaz unto Ruth, Hearest thou not, my daughter? Go not to glean in another field, neither go from hence, but abide here fast by my maidens .

Not by the young Men, to avoid both occasion of sin, and matter of scandal. Herein he shews his Piety and Prudence.

9 Let thine eyes be on the field that they do reap, and go thou after them: have I not charged the young men that they shall not touch thee ? and when thou art athirst, go unto the vessels and drink of that which the young men have drawn.

So as to offer any incivility or injury to thee. Touching is oft taken for hurting, Gen. 26. 11. Psal. 105. 15.

10 Then she fell on her face , and bowed her self to the ground, and said unto him, ▪Why have I found grace in thine eyes, that thou shouldest take knowledge of me , seeing I am a stranger?

This was the humblest Posture of Reverence, either Civil when performed to men, or Religious, when to God. See Gen. 18. 2. and 33. 3. and 42. 6. Matth. 2. 11. and 8. 2.

i. e. Shew any respect and kindness to me. For words of knowledge in Scripture commonly include affection.

11 And Boaz answered and said unto her, It hath fully been shewed me, all that thou hast done unto thy mother-in-law, since the death of thine husband: and how thou hast left thy father and thy mother, and the land of thy nativity, and art come unto a people which thou knewest not heretofore.

Of whom thou hadst no experience: for otherwise in general she could not be ignorant of this People.

12 The LORD recompense thy work, and a full reward be given thee of the LORD God of Israel, under whose wings thou art come to trust.

i. e. Protection and Care, as Deut. 32. 11. Psal. 17. 8. and 36. 7. and 94. 3. An Allusion either to Hens, which protect and cherish their Young ones under their Wings; or to the Wings of the Cherubims, between which God dwelt.

13 Then she said, Let me find favour in thy sight , my lord, for that thou hast comforted me, and for that thou hast spoken friendly unto thine hand-maid, though I be not like unto one of thy hand-maidens .

I humbly Implore the continuance of thy good Opinion of me, though I do not deserve it.

A Person more mean, and necessitous, and obscure, being a stranger, and one Born of Heathenish Parents, and not the Holy and Honourable People of Israel, as they are.

Marginal references: Or, I find favour.; Hebr. to the heart.

14 And Boaz said unto her, At meal-time come thou hither, and eat of the bread , and dip thy morsel in the vinegar . And she sate beside the reapers : and he reached her parched corn , and she did eat, and was sufficed, and left.

Which in those simple and frugal times was the usual Food of Servants and the meaner Sort, at least when they were engaged in such Works as this, which required speed, and therefore must be quick in their Eating as well as in their Work. Or, Bread may be here put for any Food, as it o[illegible: 1+ letters]t is.

Either simple Vinegar, in which the Poorer sort used to dip their Bread, and so Eat it in hot Countries, as they did not only in Canaan, but afterwards in Italy; it being very proper, especially in those Par[illegible: 1+ letters] for cooling them in those hot Seasons, for strengthning their Sinews, &c. or Vinegar mixed with other things to make some kind of S[illegible: 1+ letters]uce.

Not with or among them, but at some little distance from them, and as one Inferior to them, as she had acknowledged before in Words, and now sheweth it by her Actions.

A Food in frequent use, and some esteem with them. See 2 Sam. 17. 28.

15 And when she was risen up to glean, Boaz commanded his young men, saying, Let her glean among the sheaves, and reproach her not .

As if she were rude or impudent in so doing, as otherwise they should have thought. Quest. Why did he not rather give her as much Corn as she could carry, and send her away? Ans. Because he would not have her to Eat the Bread of Idleness, but honestly to get it with the Sweat of her Brows, according to her Duty and present Condition.

Marginal references: Heb. shame her [illegible: 1+ letters]ot.

17 So she gleaned in the field until Even, and [illegible: 1+ letters]eat out that she had gleaned: and it was about an ephah of barley.

Which is thought to contain about a Bushel. See Exod. 16. 36. Levit. 5. 11.

18 ¶ And she took it up, and went into the city: and her mother in law saw what she had gleaned: and she brought forth, and gave to her that she had reserved, and was sufficed .

Or, that which she had left of her fulness, or after she was satisfied. She did Eat as much as she desired of what she had Gleaned, and her Mother, as I suppose, with her, and the residue she gave to her Mother, to lay up for future use.

20 And Naomi said unto her daughter in law, Blessed be he of the LORD, who hath not left off his kindness to the living and to the dead And Naomi said unto her, The man is near of kin unto us, one of our next kinsmen .

i. e. Which he formerly shewed to those who are now dead, to wit, my Husband and his Sons whilst they were liing, and now continues to us, their Wives, who are now alive.

Heb. one of our Redeemers, or Avengers, to whom it belongs to Avenge our Persons, and to Redeem our Lands, and to Marry thee, the Widow and Relict of his next Kinsman, as is expressed, Ruth. 3 9. She saith, one of them, not that there were many who were immediately such, but that he was a very near Kinsman, and one to whom that Office belonged, in case of the refusal of one Person, of whom she rightly conjectured that he would refuse, as he did.

Marginal references: 2 Sam. 2. [illegible: 1+ letters].; Or, one [illegible: 1 word] hath right [illegible: 1 word] redeem.

21 And Ruth the Moabitess said, He said unto me also, Thou shalt keep fast by my young men, until they have ended all my harvest .

Both Barley-Harvest, and Wheat-Harvest, as is said, v. 23.

22 And Naomi said unto Ruth her daughter in law, It is good, my daughter, that thou go out with his maidens, that they meet thee not in any other field .

Whereby thou wiltst both expose thy self to many inconveniences, which thou mayest expect from strangers; and incur his displeasure, as if thou didst either despise his profered kindness, or doubt of the sincerity of his affections and offers.

Marginal references: Or, fall [illegible: 1 word] thee.

23 So she kept fast by the maidens of Boaz to glean, unto the end of barley-harvest, and of wheat-harvest, and dwelt with her mother in law.

Heb. sat, or continued at home, when she had dispatched her occasions abroad, and did not wander or gad abroad, after the manner of idle Persons and Harlots, Prov. 7. 11, 12.