Second Helvetic Confession, Chapter 4
Of Idols or Images of God, Christ and The Saints
IMAGES OF GOD
Since God as Spirit is in essence invisible and immense, he cannot really be expressed by any art or image. For this reason we have no fear pronouncing with Scripture that images of God are mere lies. Therefore we reject not only the idols of the Gentiles, but also the images of Christians.
IMAGES OF CHRIST
Although Christ assumed human nature, yet he did not on that account assume it in order to provide a model for carvers and painters. He denied that he had come "to abolish the law and the prophets" (Matt. 5:17). But images are forbidden by the law and the prophets" (Deut. 4:15; Isa. 44:9). He denied that his bodily presence would be profitable for the Church, and promised that he would be near us by his Spirit forever (John 16:7). Who, therefore, would believe that a shadow or likeness of his body would contribute any benefit to the pious? (II Cor. 5:5). Since he abides in us by his Spirit, we are therefore the temple of God (I Cor. 3:16). But "what agreement has the temple of God with idols?" (II Cor. 6:16).
Scripture references for paragraph 2
Berean Standard Bible. Public domain text and source credits.
Matthew 5:1717Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law or the Prophets. I have not come to abolish them, but to fulfill them.
Deuteronomy 4:1515So since you saw no form of any kind on the day the LORD spoke to you out of the fire at Horeb, be careful
Isaiah 44:99All makers of idols are nothing, and the things they treasure are worthless. Their witnesses fail to see or comprehend, so they are put to shame.
John 16:77But I tell you the truth, it is for your benefit that I am going away. Unless I go away, the Advocate will not come to you; but if I go, I will send Him to you.
2 Corinthians 5:55And God has prepared us for this very purpose and has given us the Spirit as a pledge of what is to come.
1 Corinthians 3:1616Do you not know that you yourselves are God’s temple, and that God’s Spirit dwells in you?
2 Corinthians 6:1616What agreement can exist between the temple of God and idols? For we are the temple of the living God. As God has said: “I will dwell with them and walk among them, and I will be their God, and they will be My people.”
IMAGES OF SAINTS
And since the blessed spirits and saints in heaven, while they lived here on earth, rejected all worship of themselves (Acts 3:12 f.; 14:11 ff.; Rev. 14:7; 22:9) and condemned images, shall anyone find it likely that the heavenly saints and angels are pleased with their own images before which men kneel. uncover their heads, and bestow other honors?
But in fact in order to instruct men in religion and to remind them of divine things and of their salvation, the Lord commanded the preaching of the Gospel (Mark 16:15) - not to paint and to teach the laity by means of pictures. Moreover, he instituted sacraments, but nowhere did he set up images.
Scripture references for paragraph 3
Berean Standard Bible. Public domain text and source credits.
Acts 3:12-2612And when Peter saw this, he addressed the people: “Men of Israel, why are you surprised by this? Why do you stare at us as if by our own power or godliness we had made this man walk?
13The God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, the God of our fathers, has glorified His servant Jesus. You handed Him over and rejected Him before Pilate, even though he had decided to release Him.
14You rejected the Holy and Righteous One and asked that a murderer be released to you.
15You killed the Author of life, but God raised Him from the dead, and we are witnesses of the fact.
16By faith in the name of Jesus, this man whom you see and know has been made strong. It is Jesus’ name and the faith that comes through Him that has given him this complete healing in your presence.
17And now, brothers, I know that you acted in ignorance, as did your leaders.
18But in this way God has fulfilled what He foretold through all the prophets, saying that His Christ would suffer.
19Repent, then, and turn back, so that your sins may be wiped away,
20that times of refreshing may come from the presence of the Lord, and that He may send Jesus, the Christ, who has been appointed for you.
21Heaven must take Him in until the time comes for the restoration of all things, which God announced long ago through His holy prophets.
22For Moses said, ‘The Lord your God will raise up for you a prophet like me from among your brothers. You must listen to Him in everything He tells you.
23Everyone who does not listen to Him will be completely cut off from among his people.’
24Indeed, all the prophets from Samuel on, as many as have spoken, have proclaimed these days.
25And you are sons of the prophets and of the covenant God made with your fathers when He said to Abraham, ‘Through your offspring all the families of the earth will be blessed.’
26When God raised up His Servant, He sent Him first to you to bless you by turning each of you from your wicked ways.”
Acts 14:1-281At Iconium, Paul and Barnabas went as usual into the Jewish synagogue, where they spoke so well that a great number of Jews and Greeks believed.
2But the unbelieving Jews stirred up the Gentiles and poisoned their minds against the brothers.
3So Paul and Barnabas spent considerable time there, speaking boldly for the Lord, who affirmed the message of His grace by enabling them to perform signs and wonders.
4The people of the city were divided. Some sided with the Jews, and others with the apostles.
5But when the Gentiles and Jews, together with their rulers, set out to mistreat and stone them,
6they found out about it and fled to the Lycaonian cities of Lystra and Derbe and to the surrounding region,
7where they continued to preach the gospel.
8In Lystra there sat a man crippled in his feet, who was lame from birth and had never walked.
9This man was listening to the words of Paul, who looked intently at him and saw that he had faith to be healed.
10In a loud voice Paul called out, “Stand up on your feet!” And the man jumped up and began to walk.
11When the crowds saw what Paul had done, they lifted up their voices in the Lycaonian language: “The gods have come down to us in human form!”
12Barnabas they called Zeus, and Paul they called Hermes, because he was the chief speaker.
13The priest of Zeus, whose temple was just outside the city, brought bulls and wreaths to the city gates, hoping to offer a sacrifice along with the crowds.
14But when the apostles Barnabas and Paul found out about this, they tore their clothes and rushed into the crowd, shouting,
15“Men, why are you doing this? We too are only men, human like you. We are bringing you good news that you should turn from these worthless things to the living God, who made heaven and earth and sea and everything in them.
16In past generations, He let all nations go their own way.
17Yet He has not left Himself without testimony to His goodness: He gives you rain from heaven and fruitful seasons, filling your hearts with food and gladness.”
18Even with these words, Paul and Barnabas could hardly stop the crowds from sacrificing to them.
19Then some Jews arrived from Antioch and Iconium and won over the crowds. They stoned Paul and dragged him outside the city, presuming he was dead.
20But after the disciples had gathered around him, he got up and went back into the city. And the next day he left with Barnabas for Derbe.
21They preached the gospel to that city and made many disciples. Then they returned to Lystra, Iconium, and Antioch,
22strengthening the souls of the disciples and encouraging them to continue in the faith. “We must endure many hardships to enter the kingdom of God,” they said.
23Paul and Barnabas appointed elders for them in each church, praying and fasting as they entrusted them to the Lord, in whom they had believed.
24After passing through Pisidia, they came to Pamphylia.
25And when they had spoken the word in Perga, they went down to Attalia.
26From Attalia they sailed to Antioch, where they had been commended to the grace of God for the work they had just completed.
27When they arrived, they gathered the church together and reported all that God had done through them, and how He had opened the door of faith to the Gentiles.
28And they spent a long time there with the disciples.
Revelation 14:77And he said in a loud voice, “Fear God and give Him glory, because the hour of His judgment has come. Worship the One who made the heavens and the earth and the sea and the springs of waters.”
Revelation 22:99But he said to me, “Do not do that! I am a fellow servant with you and your brothers the prophets, and with those who keep the words of this book. Worship God!”
Mark 16:1515And He said to them, “Go into all the world and preach the gospel to every creature.
THE SCRIPTURES OF THE LAITY
Furthermore, wherever we turn our eyes, we see the living and true creatures of God which, if they be observed, as is proper, make a much more vivid impression on the beholders than all images or vain, motionless, feeble and dead pictures made by men, of which the prophet truly said: "They have eyes, but do not see" (Ps. 115:5).
Scripture references for paragraph 4
Berean Standard Bible. Public domain text and source credits.
Psalms 115:55They have mouths, but cannot speak; they have eyes, but cannot see;
LACTANTIUS
Therefore we approved the judgment of Lactantius, and ancient writer, who says: "Undoubtedly no religion exists where there is an image."
EPIPHANIUS AND JEROME
We also assert that the blessed bishop Epiphanius did right when, finding on the doors of a church a veil on which was painted a picture supposedly of Christ or some saint, he ripped it down and took it away, because to see a picture of a man hanging in the Church of Christ was contrary to the authority of Scripture. Wherefore he charged that from henceforth no such veils, which were contrary to our religion, should be hung in the Church of Christ, and that rather such questionable things, unworthy of the Church of Christ and the faithful people, should be removed. Moreover, we approve of this opinion of St. Augustine concerning true religion: "Let not the worship of the works of men be a religion for us. For the artists themselves who make such things are better; yet we ought not to worship them" (De Vera Religione, cap. 55).
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