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Westminster Larger Catechism, Question 124

Question 124

Who are meant by father and mother in the fifth commandment?

By father and mother, in the fifth commandment, are meant, not only natural parents, but all superiors in age and gifts; and especially such as, by God's ordinance, are over us in place of authority, whether in family, church, or commonwealth.

Scripture references for paragraph 1

Berean Standard Bible. Public domain text and source credits.

Proverbs 23:22-25

22Listen to your father who gave you life, and do not despise your mother when she is old.

23Invest in truth and never sell it— in wisdom and instruction and understanding.

24The father of a righteous man will greatly rejoice, and he who fathers a wise son will delight in him.

25May your father and mother be glad, and may she who gave you birth rejoice!

Ephesians 6:1-2

1Children, obey your parents in the Lord, for this is right.

2“Honor your father and mother” (which is the first commandment with a promise),

1 Timothy 5:1-2

1Do not rebuke an older man, but appeal to him as to a father. Treat younger men as brothers,

2older women as mothers, and younger women as sisters, with absolute purity.

Genesis 4:20-22

20Adah gave birth to Jabal; he was the father of those who dwell in tents and raise livestock.

21And his brother’s name was Jubal; he was the father of all who play the harp and flute.

22And Zillah gave birth to Tubal-cain, a forger of every implement of bronze and iron. And the sister of Tubal-cain was Naamah.

Genesis 45:8

8Therefore it was not you who sent me here, but God, who has made me a father to Pharaoh—lord of all his household and ruler over all the land of Egypt.

2 Kings 5:13

13Naaman’s servants, however, approached him and said, “My father, if the prophet had told you to do some great thing, would you not have done it? How much more, then, when he tells you, ‘Wash and be cleansed’?”

2 Kings 2:12

12As Elisha watched, he cried out, “My father, my father, the chariots and horsemen of Israel!” And he saw Elijah no more. So taking hold of his own clothes, he tore them in two.

2 Kings 13:14

14When Elisha had fallen sick with the illness from which he would die, Jehoash king of Israel came down to him and wept over him, saying, “My father, my father, the chariots and horsemen of Israel!”

Galatians 4:19

19My children, for whom I am again in the pains of childbirth until Christ is formed in you,

Isaiah 49:23

23Kings will be your foster fathers, and their queens your nursing mothers. They will bow to you facedown and lick the dust at your feet. Then you will know that I am the LORD; those who hope in Me will never be put to shame.”

Source and edition

Westminster Larger Catechism. NonlinearFruit/Creeds.json, Unlicense. Creeds.json, English transcription

Unlicense. Source transcription.

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