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Westminster Larger Catechism, Question 127

Question 127

What is the honor that inferiors owe to their superiors?

The honor which inferiors owe to their superiors is, all due reverence in heart, word, and behavior; prayer and thanksgiving for them; imitation of their virtues and graces; willing obedience to their lawful commands and counsels; due submission to their corrections; fidelity to, defense and maintenance of their persons and authority, according to their several ranks, and the nature of their places; bearing with their infirmities, and covering them in love, that so they may be an honor to them and to their government.

Scripture references for paragraph 1

Berean Standard Bible. Public domain text and source credits.

Malachi 1:6

6“A son honors his father, and a servant his master. But if I am a father, where is My honor? And if I am a master, where is your fear of Me?” says the LORD of Hosts to you priests who despise My name. “But you ask, ‘How have we despised Your name?’

Leviticus 19:3

3Each of you must respect his mother and father, and you must keep My Sabbaths. I am the LORD your God.

Proverbs 31:28

28Her children rise up and call her blessed; her husband praises her as well:

1 Peter 3:6

6just as Sarah obeyed Abraham and called him lord. And you are her children if you do what is right and refuse to give way to fear.

Leviticus 19:32

32You are to rise in the presence of the elderly, honor the aged, and fear your God. I am the LORD.

1 Kings 2:19

19So Bathsheba went to King Solomon to speak to him for Adonijah. The king stood up to greet her, bowed to her, and sat down on his throne. Then the king had a throne brought for his mother, who sat down at his right hand.

1 Timothy 2:1-2

1First of all, then, I urge that petitions, prayers, intercessions, and thanksgiving be offered for everyone—

2for kings and all those in authority—so that we may lead tranquil and quiet lives in all godliness and dignity.

Hebrews 13:7

7Remember your leaders who spoke the word of God to you. Consider the outcome of their way of life and imitate their faith.

Philippians 3:17

17Join one another in following my example, brothers, and carefully observe those who walk according to the pattern we set for you.

Ephesians 6:1-2

1Children, obey your parents in the Lord, for this is right.

2“Honor your father and mother” (which is the first commandment with a promise),

Ephesians 6:5-7

5Slaves, obey your earthly masters with respect and fear and sincerity of heart, just as you would obey Christ.

6And do this not only to please them while they are watching, but as servants of Christ, doing the will of God from your heart.

7Serve with good will, as to the Lord and not to men,

1 Peter 2:13-14

13Submit yourselves for the Lord’s sake to every human institution, whether to the king as the supreme authority,

14or to governors as those sent by him to punish those who do wrong and to praise those who do right.

Romans 13:1-5

1Everyone must submit himself to the governing authorities, for there is no authority except that which is from God. The authorities that exist have been appointed by God.

2Consequently, whoever resists authority is opposing what God has set in place, and those who do so will bring judgment on themselves.

3For rulers are not a terror to good conduct, but to bad. Do you want to be unafraid of the one in authority? Then do what is right, and you will have his approval.

4For he is God’s servant for your good. But if you do wrong, be afraid, for he does not carry the sword in vain. He is God’s servant, an agent of retribution to the wrongdoer.

5Therefore it is necessary to submit to authority, not only to avoid punishment, but also as a matter of conscience.

Hebrews 13:17

17Obey your leaders and submit to them, for they watch over your souls as those who must give an account. To this end, allow them to lead with joy and not with grief, for that would be of no advantage to you.

Proverbs 4:3-4

3When I was a son to my father, tender and the only child of my mother,

4he taught me and said, “Let your heart lay hold of my words; keep my commands and you will live.

Proverbs 23:22

22Listen to your father who gave you life, and do not despise your mother when she is old.

Exodus 18:19

19Now listen to me; I will give you some advice, and may God be with you. You must be the people’s representative before God and bring their causes to Him.

Exodus 18:24

24Moses listened to his father-in-law and did everything he said.

Hebrews 12:9

9Furthermore, we have all had earthly fathers who disciplined us, and we respected them. Should we not much more submit to the Father of our spirits and live?

1 Peter 2:18-20

18Servants, submit yourselves to your masters with all respect, not only to those who are good and gentle, but even to those who are unreasonable.

19For if anyone endures the pain of unjust suffering because he is conscious of God, this is to be commended.

20How is it to your credit if you are beaten for doing wrong and you endure it? But if you suffer for doing good and you endure it, this is commendable before God.

Titus 2:9-10

9Slaves are to submit to their own masters in everything, to be well-pleasing, not argumentative,

10not stealing from them, but showing all good faith, so that in every respect they will adorn the teaching about God our Savior.

1 Samuel 26:15-16

15So David said to Abner, “You are a man, aren’t you? And who in Israel is your equal? Why then did you not protect your lord the king when one of the people came to destroy him?

16This thing you have done is not good. As surely as the LORD lives, all of you deserve to die, since you did not protect your lord, the LORD’s anointed. Now look around. Where are the king’s spear and water jug that were by his head?”

2 Samuel 18:3

3But the people pleaded, “You must not go out! For if we have to flee, they will pay no attention to us. Even if half of us die, they will not care; but you are worth ten thousand of us. It is better for now if you support us from the city.”

Esther 6:2

2And there it was found recorded that Mordecai had exposed Bigthana and Teresh, two of the eunuchs who guarded the king’s entrance, when they had conspired to assassinate King Xerxes.

Matthew 22:21

21“Caesar’s,” they answered. So Jesus told them, “Give to Caesar what is Caesar’s, and to God what is God’s.”

Romans 13:6-7

6This is also why you pay taxes. For the authorities are God’s servants, who devote themselves to their work.

7Pay everyone what you owe him: taxes to whom taxes are due, revenue to whom revenue is due, respect to whom respect is due, honor to whom honor is due.

1 Timothy 5:17-18

17Elders who lead effectively are worthy of double honor, especially those who work hard at preaching and teaching.

18For the Scripture says, “Do not muzzle an ox while it is treading out the grain,” and, “The worker is worthy of his wages.”

Galatians 6:6

6Nevertheless, the one who receives instruction in the word must share in all good things with his instructor.

Genesis 45:11

11And there I will provide for you, because there will be five more years of famine. Otherwise, you and your household and everything you own will come to destitution.’

Genesis 47:12

12Joseph also provided his father and brothers and all his father’s household with food for their families.

Psalms 127:3-5

3Children are indeed a heritage from the LORD, and the fruit of the womb is His reward.

4Like arrows in the hand of a warrior, so are children born in one’s youth.

5Blessed is the man whose quiver is full of them. He will not be put to shame when he confronts the enemies at the gate.

Proverbs 31:23

23Her husband is known at the city gate, where he sits among the elders of the land.

Source and edition

Westminster Larger Catechism. NonlinearFruit/Creeds.json, Unlicense. Creeds.json, English transcription

Unlicense. Source transcription.

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