Westminster Confession, Chapter 18
Of the Assurance of Grace and Salvation
Although hypocrites and other unregenerate men may vainly deceive themselves with false hopes and carnal presumptions of being in the favour of God and estate of salvation, which hope of theirs shall perish: yet such as truly believe in the Lord Jesus, and love him in sincerity, endeavoring to walk in all good conscience before him, may in this life be certainly assured that they are in a state of grace, and may rejoice in the hope of the glory of God, which hope shall never make them ashamed.
Scripture references for paragraph 1
Berean Standard Bible. Public domain text and source credits.
Deuteronomy 29:1919because when such a person hears the words of this oath, he invokes a blessing on himself, saying, ‘I will have peace, even though I walk in the stubbornness of my own heart.’ This will bring disaster on the watered land as well as the dry.
Job 8:13-1413Such is the destiny of all who forget God; so the hope of the godless will perish.
14His confidence is fragile; his security is in a spider’s web.
Micah 3:1111Her leaders judge for a bribe, her priests teach for a price, and her prophets practice divination for money. Yet they lean upon the LORD, saying, “Is not the LORD among us? No disaster can come upon us.”
John 8:4141You are doing the works of your father.” “We are not illegitimate children,” they declared. “Our only Father is God Himself.”
1 John 2:33By this we can be sure that we have come to know Him: if we keep His commandments.
1 John 3:1414We know that we have passed from death to life, because we love our brothers. The one who does not love remains in death.
1 John 3:18-1918Little children, let us love not in word and speech, but in action and truth.
19And by this we will know that we belong to the truth, and will assure our hearts in His presence:
1 John 3:2121Beloved, if our hearts do not condemn us, we have confidence before God,
1 John 3:2424Whoever keeps His commandments remains in God, and God in him. And by this we know that He remains in us: by the Spirit He has given us.
1 John 5:1313I have written these things to you who believe in the name of the Son of God, so that you may know that you have eternal life.
Matthew 7:22-2322Many will say to Me on that day, ‘Lord, Lord, did we not prophesy in Your name, and in Your name drive out demons and perform many miracles?’
23Then I will tell them plainly, ‘I never knew you; depart from Me, you workers of lawlessness!’
Romans 5:22through whom we have gained access by faith into this grace in which we stand. And we rejoice in the hope of the glory of God.
Romans 5:55And hope does not disappoint us, because God has poured out His love into our hearts through the Holy Spirit, whom He has given us.
This certainty is not a bare conjectural and probable persuasion, grounded upon a fallible hope; but an infallible assurance of faith, founded upon the divine truth of the promises of salvation, the inward evidence of those graces unto which these promises are made, the testimony of the Spirit of adoption witnessing with our spirits that we are the children of God: which Spirit is the earnest of our inheritance, whereby we are sealed to the day of redemption.
Scripture references for paragraph 2
Berean Standard Bible. Public domain text and source credits.
Hebrews 6:1111We want each of you to show this same diligence to the very end, in order to make your hope sure.
Hebrews 6:1919We have this hope as an anchor for the soul, firm and secure. It enters the inner sanctuary behind the curtain,
2 Corinthians 1:1212And this is our boast: Our conscience testifies that we have conducted ourselves in the world, and especially in relation to you, in the holiness and sincerity that are from God—not in worldly wisdom, but in the grace of God.
2 Peter 1:4-54Through these He has given us His precious and magnificent promises, so that through them you may become partakers of the divine nature, now that you have escaped the corruption in the world caused by evil desires.
5For this very reason, make every effort to add to your faith virtue; and to virtue, knowledge;
2 Peter 1:10-1110Therefore, brothers, strive to make your calling and election sure. For if you practice these things you will never stumble,
11and you will receive a lavish reception into the eternal kingdom of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ.
1 John 2:33By this we can be sure that we have come to know Him: if we keep His commandments.
1 John 3:1414We know that we have passed from death to life, because we love our brothers. The one who does not love remains in death.
Hebrews 6:17-1817So when God wanted to make the unchanging nature of His purpose very clear to the heirs of the promise, He guaranteed it with an oath.
18Thus by two unchangeable things in which it is impossible for God to lie, we who have fled to take hold of the hope set before us may be strongly encouraged.
Ephesians 1:13-1413And in Him, having heard and believed the word of truth—the gospel of your salvation—you were sealed with the promised Holy Spirit,
14who is the pledge of our inheritance until the redemption of those who are God’s possession, to the praise of His glory.
Ephesians 4:3030And do not grieve the Holy Spirit of God, in whom you were sealed for the day of redemption.
2 Corinthians 1:21-2221Now it is God who establishes both us and you in Christ. He anointed us,
22placed His seal on us, and put His Spirit in our hearts as a pledge of what is to come.
Romans 8:15-1615For you did not receive a spirit of slavery that returns you to fear, but you received the Spirit of sonship, by whom we cry, “Abba! Father!”
16The Spirit Himself testifies with our spirit that we are God’s children.
This infallible assurance doth not so belong to the essence of faith, but that a true believer may wait long, and conflict with many difficulties before he be partaker of it: yet, being enabled by the Spirit to know the things which are freely given him of God, he may, without extraordinary revelation, in the right use of ordinary means, attain thereunto. And therefore it is the duty of everyone to give all diligence to make his calling and election sure; that thereby his heart may be enlarged in peace and joy in the Holy Ghost, in love and thankfulness to God, and in strength and cheerfulness in the duties of obedience, the proper fruits of this assurance: so far is it from inclining men to looseness.
Scripture references for paragraph 3
Berean Standard Bible. Public domain text and source credits.
Psalms 88:1-181O LORD, the God of my salvation, day and night I cry out before You.
2May my prayer come before You; incline Your ear to my cry.
3For my soul is full of troubles, and my life draws near to Sheol.
4I am counted among those descending to the Pit. I am like a man without strength.
5I am forsaken among the dead, like the slain who lie in the grave, whom You remember no more, who are cut off from Your care.
6You have laid me in the lowest Pit, in the darkest of the depths.
7Your wrath weighs heavily upon me; all Your waves have submerged me. Selah
8You have removed my friends from me; You have made me repulsive to them; I am confined and cannot escape.
9My eyes grow dim with grief. I call to You daily, O LORD; I spread out my hands to You.
10Do You work wonders for the dead? Do departed spirits rise up to praise You? Selah
11Can Your loving devotion be proclaimed in the grave, Your faithfulness in Abaddon ?
12Will Your wonders be known in the darkness, or Your righteousness in the land of oblivion?
13But to You, O LORD, I cry for help; in the morning my prayer comes before You.
14Why, O LORD, do You reject me? Why do You hide Your face from me?
15From my youth I was afflicted and near death. I have borne Your terrors; I am in despair.
16Your wrath has swept over me; Your terrors have destroyed me.
17All day long they engulf me like water; they enclose me on every side.
18You have removed my beloved and my friend; darkness is my closest companion.
Psalms 77:1-121I cried out to God; I cried aloud to God to hear me.
2In the day of trouble I sought the Lord; through the night my outstretched hands did not grow weary; my soul refused to be comforted.
3I remembered You, O God, and I groaned; I mused and my spirit grew faint. Selah
4You have kept my eyes from closing; I am too troubled to speak.
5I considered the days of old, the years long in the past.
6At night I remembered my song; in my heart I mused, and my spirit pondered:
7“Will the Lord spurn us forever and never show His favor again?
8Is His loving devotion gone forever? Has His promise failed for all time?
9Has God forgotten to be gracious? Has His anger shut off His compassion?” Selah
10So I said, “I am grieved that the right hand of the Most High has changed.”
11I will remember the works of the LORD; yes, I will remember Your wonders of old.
12I will reflect on all You have done and ponder Your mighty deeds.
Isaiah 50:1010Who among you fears the LORD and obeys the voice of His Servant? Who among you walks in darkness and has no light? Let him trust in the name of the LORD; let him lean on his God.
Mark 9:2424Immediately the boy’s father cried out, “I do believe; help my unbelief!”
1 John 5:1313I have written these things to you who believe in the name of the Son of God, so that you may know that you have eternal life.
2 Peter 1:1010Therefore, brothers, strive to make your calling and election sure. For if you practice these things you will never stumble,
1 Corinthians 2:1212We have not received the spirit of the world, but the Spirit who is from God, that we may understand what God has freely given us.
Ephesians 3:17-1917so that Christ may dwell in your hearts through faith. Then you, being rooted and grounded in love,
18will have power, together with all the saints, to comprehend the length and width and height and depth
19of the love of Christ, and to know this love that surpasses knowledge, that you may be filled with all the fullness of God.
Hebrews 6:11-1211We want each of you to show this same diligence to the very end, in order to make your hope sure.
12Then you will not be sluggish, but will imitate those who through faith and patience inherit what has been promised.
1 John 4:1313By this we know that we remain in Him, and He in us: He has given us of His Spirit.
Psalms 130:44But with You there is forgiveness, so that You may be feared.
Romans 6:1-21What then shall we say? Shall we continue in sin so that grace may increase?
2Certainly not! How can we who died to sin live in it any longer?
Romans 8:11Therefore, there is now no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus.
Romans 8:1212Therefore, brothers, we have an obligation, but it is not to the flesh, to live according to it.
2 Corinthians 7:11Therefore, beloved, since we have these promises, let us cleanse ourselves from everything that defiles body and spirit, perfecting holiness in the fear of God.
Titus 2:11-1211For the grace of God has appeared, bringing salvation to everyone.
12It instructs us to renounce ungodliness and worldly passions, and to live sensible, upright, and godly lives in the present age,
Titus 2:1414He gave Himself for us to redeem us from all lawlessness and to purify for Himself a people for His own possession, zealous for good deeds.
1 John 1:6-76If we say we have fellowship with Him yet walk in the darkness, we lie and do not practice the truth.
7But if we walk in the light as He is in the light, we have fellowship with one another, and the blood of Jesus His Son cleanses us from all sin.
1 John 2:1-21My little children, I am writing these things to you so that you will not sin. But if anyone does sin, we have an advocate before the Father—Jesus Christ, the Righteous One.
2He Himself is the atoning sacrifice for our sins, and not only for ours but also for the sins of the whole world.
1 John 3:2-32Beloved, we are now children of God, and what we will be has not yet been revealed. We know that when Christ appears, we will be like Him, for we will see Him as He is.
3And everyone who has this hope in Him purifies himself, just as Christ is pure.
Romans 5:1-21Therefore, since we have been justified through faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ,
2through whom we have gained access by faith into this grace in which we stand. And we rejoice in the hope of the glory of God.
Romans 5:55And hope does not disappoint us, because God has poured out His love into our hearts through the Holy Spirit, whom He has given us.
Romans 14:1717For the kingdom of God is not a matter of eating and drinking, but of righteousness, peace, and joy in the Holy Spirit.
Romans 15:1313Now may the God of hope fill you with all joy and peace as you believe in Him, so that you may overflow with hope by the power of the Holy Spirit.
Ephesians 1:3-43Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who has blessed us in Christ with every spiritual blessing in the heavenly realms.
4For He chose us in Him before the foundation of the world to be holy and blameless in His presence. In love
Psalms 4:6-76Many ask, “Who can show us the good?” Shine the light of Your face upon us, O LORD.
7You have filled my heart with more joy than when grain and new wine abound.
Psalms 119:3232I run in the path of Your commandments, for You will enlarge my heart.
True believers may have the assurance of their salvation divers ways shaken, diminished, and intermitted; as, by negligence in preserving of it; by falling into some special sin, which woundeth the conscience, and grieveth the Spirit; by some sudden or vehement temptation; by God's withdrawing the light of his countenance, and suffering even such as fear him to walk in darkness and to have no light: yet are they never utterly destitute of that seed of God, and life of faith, that love of Christ and the brethren, that sincerity of heart and conscience of duty, out of which, by the operation of the Spirit, this assurance may in due time be revived, and by the which, in the meantime, they are supported from utter despair.
Scripture references for paragraph 4
Berean Standard Bible. Public domain text and source credits.
Psalms 31:2222In my alarm I said, “I am cut off from Your sight!” But You heard my plea for mercy when I called to You for help.
Psalms 51:88Let me hear joy and gladness; let the bones You have crushed rejoice.
Psalms 51:1212Restore to me the joy of Your salvation, and sustain me with a willing spirit.
Psalms 51:1414Deliver me from bloodguilt, O God, the God of my salvation, and my tongue will sing of Your righteousness.
Psalms 77:1-101I cried out to God; I cried aloud to God to hear me.
2In the day of trouble I sought the Lord; through the night my outstretched hands did not grow weary; my soul refused to be comforted.
3I remembered You, O God, and I groaned; I mused and my spirit grew faint. Selah
4You have kept my eyes from closing; I am too troubled to speak.
5I considered the days of old, the years long in the past.
6At night I remembered my song; in my heart I mused, and my spirit pondered:
7“Will the Lord spurn us forever and never show His favor again?
8Is His loving devotion gone forever? Has His promise failed for all time?
9Has God forgotten to be gracious? Has His anger shut off His compassion?” Selah
10So I said, “I am grieved that the right hand of the Most High has changed.”
Psalms 88:1-181O LORD, the God of my salvation, day and night I cry out before You.
2May my prayer come before You; incline Your ear to my cry.
3For my soul is full of troubles, and my life draws near to Sheol.
4I am counted among those descending to the Pit. I am like a man without strength.
5I am forsaken among the dead, like the slain who lie in the grave, whom You remember no more, who are cut off from Your care.
6You have laid me in the lowest Pit, in the darkest of the depths.
7Your wrath weighs heavily upon me; all Your waves have submerged me. Selah
8You have removed my friends from me; You have made me repulsive to them; I am confined and cannot escape.
9My eyes grow dim with grief. I call to You daily, O LORD; I spread out my hands to You.
10Do You work wonders for the dead? Do departed spirits rise up to praise You? Selah
11Can Your loving devotion be proclaimed in the grave, Your faithfulness in Abaddon ?
12Will Your wonders be known in the darkness, or Your righteousness in the land of oblivion?
13But to You, O LORD, I cry for help; in the morning my prayer comes before You.
14Why, O LORD, do You reject me? Why do You hide Your face from me?
15From my youth I was afflicted and near death. I have borne Your terrors; I am in despair.
16Your wrath has swept over me; Your terrors have destroyed me.
17All day long they engulf me like water; they enclose me on every side.
18You have removed my beloved and my friend; darkness is my closest companion.
Song of Solomon 5:2-32I sleep, but my heart is awake. A sound! My beloved is knocking: “Open to me, my sister, my darling, my dove, my flawless one. My head is drenched with dew, my hair with the dampness of the night.”
3I have taken off my robe— must I put it back on? I have washed my feet— must I soil them again?
Song of Solomon 5:66I opened for my beloved, but he had turned and gone. My heart sank at his departure. I sought him, but did not find him. I called, but he did not answer.
Isaiah 50:1010Who among you fears the LORD and obeys the voice of His Servant? Who among you walks in darkness and has no light? Let him trust in the name of the LORD; let him lean on his God.
Matthew 26:69-7269Meanwhile, Peter was sitting out in the courtyard, and a servant girl came up to him. “You also were with Jesus the Galilean,” she said.
70But he denied it before them all: “I do not know what you are talking about.”
71When Peter had gone out to the gateway, another servant girl saw him and said to the people there, “This man was with Jesus of Nazareth.”
72And again he denied it with an oath: “I do not know the man!”
Ephesians 4:30-3130And do not grieve the Holy Spirit of God, in whom you were sealed for the day of redemption.
31Get rid of all bitterness, rage and anger, outcry and slander, along with every form of malice.
Psalms 22:11My God, my God, why have You forsaken me? Why are You so far from saving me, so far from my words of groaning?
Isaiah 54:7-107“For a brief moment I forsook you, but with great compassion I will bring you back.
8In a surge of anger I hid My face from you for a moment, but with everlasting kindness I will have compassion on you,” says the LORD your Redeemer.
9“For to Me this is like the days of Noah, when I swore that the waters of Noah would never again cover the earth. So I have sworn that I will not be angry with you or rebuke you.
10Though the mountains may be removed and the hills may be shaken, My loving devotion will not depart from you, and My covenant of peace will not be broken,” says the LORD, who has compassion on you.
Jeremiah 32:4040I will make an everlasting covenant with them: I will never turn away from doing good to them, and I will put My fear in their hearts, so that they will never turn away from Me.
Micah 7:7-97But as for me, I will look to the LORD; I will wait for the God of my salvation. My God will hear me.
8Do not gloat over me, my enemy! Though I have fallen, I will arise; though I sit in darkness, the LORD will be my light.
9Because I have sinned against Him, I must endure the rage of the LORD, until He argues my case and executes justice for me. He will bring me into the light; I will see His righteousness.
Job 13:1515Though He slay me, I will hope in Him. I will still defend my ways to His face.
Psalms 73:1515If I had said, “I will speak this way,” then I would have betrayed Your children.
Luke 22:3232But I have prayed for you, Simon, that your faith will not fail. And when you have turned back, strengthen your brothers.”
1 John 3:99Anyone born of God refuses to practice sin, because God’s seed abides in him; he cannot go on sinning, because he has been born of God.
Source and edition
Westminster Confession. NonlinearFruit/Creeds.json, Unlicense. Creeds.json, English transcription
Unlicense. Source transcription.
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